| Description |
1 online resource |
| Contents |
Front Cover -- Production of Biodiesel from Non-Edible Sources -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of contributors -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Overview of energy resources and consumption -- 1.1.1 Energy and economy -- 1.1.2 Global energy resources -- 1.1.2.1 Coal -- 1.1.2.2 Crude oil -- 1.1.2.3 Natural gas -- 1.1.2.4 Nuclear energy -- 1.1.2.5 Hydropower -- 1.1.2.6 Bioenergy -- 1.1.2.7 Solar -- 1.1.2.8 Wind energy -- 1.1.2.9 Carbon capture and storage -- 1.1.2.10 Marine energy -- 1.1.2.11 Geothermal energy -- 1.1.3 Recent advancements in energy resources |
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1.2 Current production rate and demands for diesel fuel -- 1.3 Biodiesel as a promising renewable energy carrier -- 1.3.1 Catalyst -- 1.3.1.1 Enzymatic catalyst -- 1.3.1.2 Homogeneous catalyst -- 1.3.1.3 Heterogeneous catalyst -- 1.4 Need for non-edible oil as biodiesel feedstock -- 1.4.1 Seed oil-producing plants -- 1.4.2 Insects -- 1.5 Conclusions -- References -- 2 Biodiesel and its properties -- 2.1 Biodiesel and its properties -- 2.2 Methods of biodiesel production -- 2.2.1 Blending of crude oils or dilution -- 2.2.2 Micro-emulsification -- 2.2.3 Pyrolysis |
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2.2.4 Transesterification: catalytic and non-catalytic (supercritical) -- 2.2.4.1 Catalytic transesterification -- 2.2.4.2 Non-catalytic transesterification biodiesel production process -- 2.2.4.3 Esterification of non-edible oils -- 2.2.5 Methods of transesterification -- 2.2.5.1 Conventional (water bath, heating mantle, hot plate) -- 2.2.5.2 Process intensification techniques -- Microwave-assisted transesterification -- Ultrasound-assisted transesterification -- Hydrodynamic cavitation technique -- Electrolysis technique -- 2.3 Biodiesel standards and characterization |
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2.3.1 ASTM and EN standards -- 2.3.2 Quantification of biodiesel -- 2.4 Properties and characteristics of non-edible biodiesel -- 2.4.1 Water and sediment content -- 2.4.2 Density -- 2.4.3 Kinematic viscosity -- 2.4.4 Lubricity -- 2.4.5 Acid number -- 2.4.6 Iodine number -- 2.4.7 Cloud point and pour point -- 2.4.8 Cold filter plugging point -- 2.4.9 Flash point -- 2.4.10 Cetane number -- 2.4.11 Calorific value -- 2.4.12 Sulfur content -- 2.4.13 Sulfated ash -- 2.4.14 Ester content -- 2.4.15 Free and total glycerin -- 2.4.16 Phosphorus content -- 2.4.17 Copper strip corrosion |
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2.4.18 Carbon residue -- 2.4.19 Oxidative stability -- 2.4.20 Group I metals (Na+K) -- 2.4.21 Group II metals (Ca+Mg) -- References -- 3 Non-edible feedstock: necessity and societal implications -- 3.1 International trends in food supply and demand -- 3.2 Oil extraction methods -- 3.3 Feedstock preparation -- 3.3.1 Kernel extraction and drying -- 3.3.2 Core extraction -- 3.3.3 Drying the core -- 3.3.4 Oil content of non-edible feedstocks -- 3.4 Extraction techniques -- 3.4.1 Mechanical extraction -- 3.4.2 Chemical or solvent extraction -- 3.4.3 Enzymatic extraction |
| Subject |
Biodiesel fuels.
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Biodiesel.
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Biodiesel fuels
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| Added Author |
ARUMUGAM, A.
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| Other Form: |
Print version: 0128242957 9780128242957 (OCoLC)1273075331 |
| ISBN |
9780323858977 (electronic bk.) |
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032385897X (electronic bk.) |
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9780128242957 |
| Standard No. |
AU@ 000070759105 |
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