Preface and introduction to the second edition -- What is electronically stored information (ESI) and how does it differ from conventional paper-based information? -- What is the judge's role in the discovery of ESI? -- How does a judge promote early consideration of ESI discovery issues? -- What disclosures of ESI are required under rule 26(a)(1)? --How does a judge limit the scope of ESI discovery to that proportional to the needs of the case? -- What principles apply to discovery from nonparties under Rule 45? -- In what form or forms should ESIbe produced? -- How should privilege and waiver issues be handled? -- How is Federal Rule of Evidence 502 used to reduce cost and delay? -- Litigation holds: How can the court promote the parties' reasonable efforts to preserve ESI? -- What are the standards for finding spoliation and the criteria for imposing sanctions? -- Where can a judge find additional information and guidance? -- Conclusion -- Glossary.