Front Cover -- Flexible Distribution Networks -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- About the authors -- Preface -- 1 Part I: Background -- 2 Part II: Modeling and analytical calculation -- 3 Part III: Optimal operation and localized implementation -- 4 Part IV: Operation and planning with uncertainties -- Acknowledgments -- Nomenclature -- List of abbreviations -- List of sets -- List of indices -- List of variables -- List of parameters -- I. Background -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Development of distribution networks
1.2 Pathway to flexible distribution networks -- 1.2.1 Flexibility in physical energy systems -- 1.2.2 Flexibility in digital space -- 1.2.3 Prospect for flexible distribution networks -- 1.3 Challenges and opportunities for flexible distribution network -- 1.3.1 Wide variety of controllable devices and flexible resources -- 1.3.2 Uncertainties from power generation to utilization -- 1.3.3 Value in big data to be discovered -- 1.3.4 Collaborative computing capability at both edges and the cloud -- 1.4 Operation optimization of flexible distribution network
1.5 Self-healing control of flexible distribution network -- References -- II. Modeling and analytical calculation -- 2 Components and modeling of flexible distribution networks -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Modeling of conventional distribution devices -- 2.2.1 Electric power distribution networks -- 2.2.1.1 Operational constraints -- 2.2.1.2 Linearization -- 2.2.1.3 Three-phase unbalanced conditions -- 2.2.2 Conventional load -- 2.2.3 Discrete regulation devices -- 2.2.3.1 On-load tapping transformer -- 2.2.3.2 Capacitor bank -- 2.2.4 Static var compensator
2.3 Modeling of distributed energy resources -- 2.3.1 Distributed generation -- 2.3.1.1 Operational constraints of controllable distributed generators -- 2.3.1.2 Operational constraints of uncontrollable distributed generators -- 2.3.2 Energy storage system -- 2.3.3 Controllable load -- 2.3.3.1 Electric vehicles -- 2.3.3.1.1 Electric vehicle characteristics formulation -- 2.3.3.1.2 Electric vehicles-aggregator model with diverse characteristics -- 2.3.3.2 Internet data centers -- 2.3.3.2.1 Power consumption of IT equipment -- 2.3.3.2.2 Power consumption of other devices
2.4 Modeling of flexible distribution devices -- 2.4.1 Flexible substation -- 2.4.2 Soft open point -type flexible distribution device -- 2.4.2.1 Dual-terminal soft open point -- 2.4.2.2 Multi-terminal soft open point -- 2.4.2.3 Soft open point with energy storage link -- 2.4.3 Control modes of soft open point under normal and fault conditions -- 2.5 State estimation of flexible distribution network -- 2.5.1 State estimation with multi-source measurement fusion -- 2.5.1.1 State estimation model -- 2.5.1.2 Data fusion with diverse measurements
