Introduction / Michael G. Moore -- Distance learners in higher education / Melody M. Thompson -- Gender in distance education / Elizabeth Burge -- Understanding and supporting the culturally diverse distance learner / Irene Sanchez and Charlotte N. Gunawardena -- Distance learner's academic self-concept / Chere Campbell Gibson -- Improving learning outcomes : the effects of learning strategies and motivation / Christine H. Olgren -- Learning in a networked world : new roles and responsibilities / Terry D. Anderson and D. Randy Garrison -- Distance learner in context / Chere Campbell Gibson -- Supporting learners at a distance from inquiry through completion / Daniel Granger and Meg Benke -- In retrospect / Chere Campbell Gibson.