This new global time requires us to reformulate the old paradigms of the "green revolution" and the industrial agriculture model of the 20th century. The strong incidence of intensive agroindustrial processes, from systematic agrochemicals and the energy involved to ultra-processed objects that are offered to society as food, are changing the way food systems function and, in many cases, in very different ways. to the sustainability of ecosystems. This book brings together the results of the research projects carried out thanks to the support of the alliance of the McKnight Foundation and CLACSO in the "Research and training program in Andean agroecological systems". Its chapters investigate, through the study of small agriculture in local communities in high areas of Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia.